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Microsoft's pursuit of fault-tolerant quantum computing has centered on the intriguing Majorana program. Unlike traditional quantum computing, which relies on error-prone qubits, Microsoft is exploring topological qubits, a more resilient form of quantum information. The key to this approach lies in the Majorana fermion, a theoretical particle that is its own antiparticle, and the fundamental building block of Microsoft's Majorana processor. The primary obstacle in quantum computing is maintaining the delicate quantum states of qubits. Decoherence, the loss of quantum information due to environmental interactions, is a major challenge. Topological qubits, however, are protected by their very nature. The information is not stored in a single particle, but rather in the way these particles are entangled and braided, making them inherently resistant to local disturbances and significantly reducing the impact of noise. Microsoft's Majorana processor aims to create and manipu...